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target="_self"><span>响应式表单</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/forms" title="使用指令和 Angular 模板语法创建模板驱动表单。" target="_self"><span>模板驱动表单</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/form-validation" title="验证用户的表单输入" target="_self"><span>表单验证</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/dynamic-form" title="使用 FormGroup 渲染动态表单。" target="_self"><span>动态表单</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" 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库</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/observables-in-angular" title="" target="_self"><span>Angular 中的可观察对象</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/practical-observable-usage" title="" target="_self"><span>用法实战</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/comparing-observables" title="" target="_self"><span>与其它技术的比较</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="Angular 中的模块" aria-pressed="false"><span>NgModules</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/ngmodules" title="使用 NgModule 让你的应用更高效" target="_self"><span>NgModule 简介</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/ngmodule-vs-jsmodule" title="JavaScript 模块和 NgModule 之间的差异" target="_self"><span>JS 模块 vs NgModule</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/bootstrapping" title="告诉 Angular 如何在根 &quot;AppModule&quot; 中构造和引导应用。" target="_self"><span>应用的根模块</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/frequent-ngmodules" title="介绍最常用的 NgModule" target="_self"><span>常用模块</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/module-types" title="介绍特性模块的几种类型" target="_self"><span>特性模块的分类</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/entry-components" title="关于 Angular 中入口组件的一切" target="_self"><span>入口组件</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/feature-modules" title="创建特性模块，以组织你的代码" target="_self"><span>特性模块</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/providers" title="服务提供商与 NgModule" target="_self"><span>服务提供商</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/singleton-services" title="创建单例服务" target="_self"><span>单例服务</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/lazy-loading-ngmodules" title="惰性加载模块，以提高应用的性能" target="_self"><span>惰性加载的特性模块</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/sharing-ngmodules" title="共享 NgModule 让你的应用现代化。" target="_self"><span>共享 NgModule</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/ngmodule-api" title="理解 NgModule 的那些细节。" target="_self"><span>NgModule API</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/ngmodule-faq" title="回答关于 NgModules 的常见问题。" target="_self"><span>NgModule 常见问题</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="依赖注入：创建并注入各种服务。" aria-pressed="false"><span>依赖注入</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/dependency-injection" title="Angular 的依赖注入系统能够为 Angular 创建的类创建并交付它们所依赖的服务。" target="_self"><span>Angular 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level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/dependency-injection-navtree" title="使用注入器树来查找父组件。" target="_self"><span>浏览组件树</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/http" title="通过 HTTP 协议与远程服务器对话。" target="_self"><span>HttpClient</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/router" title="揭示如何通过 Angular 路由进行基本的屏幕导航。" target="_self"><span>路由与导航</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="Angular 动画系统指南" aria-pressed="false"><span>动画</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/animations" title="Angular 动画的基础技术。" target="_self"><span>简介</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/transition-and-triggers" title="转场与触发器的高级技术。" target="_self"><span>转场与触发器</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/complex-animation-sequences" title="复杂的 Angular 动画序列。" target="_self"><span>复杂序列</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/reusable-animations" title="创建可复用的动画。" target="_self"><span>可复用动画</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/route-animations" title="为路由提供转场动画。" target="_self"><span>路由转场动画</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-1 expanded selected ng-star-inserted" title="把 Angular 用到你的实际工作中的一些技巧" aria-pressed="true"><span>其它技术</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-1 expanded selected"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/security" title="Angular 应用开发中的安全技术。" target="_self"><span>安全</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/i18n" title="把应用模板中的文本翻译成多种语言。" target="_self"><span>国际化（i18n）</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/accessibility" title="设计能被所有用户访问的应用" target="_self"><span>无障碍（a11y）</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="Angular Service Worker: 控制应用资源的缓存。" aria-pressed="false"><span>Service Worker 与 PWA</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/service-worker-intro" title="Angular 对 Service Worker 的实现提升了慢速或不稳定的网络连接下的用户体验。" target="_self"><span>简介</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/service-worker-getting-started" title="在 CLI 项目中启用 Service Worker，并在浏览器中查看效果。" target="_self"><span>快速上手</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/app-shell" title="在 CLI 项目中启用应用外壳。" target="_self"><span>应用外壳</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/service-worker-communications" title="那些能让你和 Angular 的 Service Worker 通讯的服务类。" target="_self"><span>与 Service Worker 通讯</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/service-worker-devops" title="使用 Service Worker 运行应用、管理应用更新、调试以及杀掉正在运行的应用。" target="_self"><span>生产环境下的 Service Worker</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/service-worker-config" title="配置 Service Worker 的缓存行为。" target="_self"><span>Service Worker 配置</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/universal" title="使用 Angular Universal 在服务端渲染 HTML。" target="_self"><span>服务端渲染</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="把 AngularJS 应用增量式的升级到 Angular。" aria-pressed="false"><span>从 AngularJS 升级</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/upgrade" title="把 AngularJS 应用增量式的升级到 Angular。" target="_self"><span>升级步骤</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/upgrade-performance" title="用更灵活的方式把 AngularJS 升级到 Angular。" target="_self"><span>更关注性能的升级方式</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/ajs-quick-reference" title="学习如何把 AngularJS 的概念映射到 Angular 中。" target="_self"><span>AngularJS 与 Angular 的概念对照</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="使用共享库扩展 Angular" aria-pressed="false"><span>开发 Angular 库</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/libraries" title="理解何时以及如何使用和创建库。" target="_self"><span>库概览</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/using-libraries" title="把已发布的库集成进你的应用中。" target="_self"><span>使用已发布的库</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/creating-libraries" title="通过创建、发布和使用你自己的库来扩展 Angular。" target="_self"><span>创建库</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 expanded selected ng-star-inserted" title="理解原理图" aria-pressed="true"><span>原理图（Schematic）</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 expanded selected"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/schematics" title="理解 Angular 如何使用原理图。" target="_self"><span>原理图概览</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/schematics-authoring" title="理解原理图的结构。" target="_self"><span>制作原理图</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 expanded selected ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries" title="使用原理图来把你的库集成进 Angular CLI 中。" target="_self"><span>库的原理图</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/cli-builder" title="使用构建器定制 Angular CLI。" target="_self"><span>CLI 构建器</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/web-worker" title="在 Angular CLI 中使用 Web Worker。" target="_self"><span>Web Worker</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="关于构建、测试和部署的信息" aria-pressed="false"><span>开发工作流</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-1 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="理解 AOT 预先编译器。" aria-pressed="false"><span>AOT 预先编译器</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/aot-compiler" title="学习为何以及如何使用预先编译器。" target="_self"><span>预先编译</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/angular-compiler-options" title="配置 AOT 编译。" target="_self"><span>Angular 编译器选项</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/aot-metadata-errors" title="解决 AOT 编译错误。" target="_self"><span>AOT 元数据错误</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/template-typecheck" title="Angular 中的模板类型检查。" target="_self"><span>模板类型检查</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/build" title="构建应用及为应用启动开发服务器。" target="_self"><span>构建与运行</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/bazel" title="如何配置你的环境，以利用 Bazel 进行构建和测试。" target="_self"><span>使用 Bazel 进行构建</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/testing" title="测试 Angular 应用的技巧与实践。" target="_self"><span>测试</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/deployment" title="了解如何部署 Angular 应用。" target="_self"><span>发布</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="与开发环境和工具集成起来" aria-pressed="false"><span>开发工具集成</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-2 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-3 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/language-service" title="使用 Angular 语言服务加速开发。" target="_self"><span>语言服务</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="工作空间与项目的结构，及其配置文件。" aria-pressed="false"><span>配置</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-1 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/file-structure" title="Angular 工作区在文件系统中是怎样的。" target="_self"><span>项目文件结构</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/workspace-config" title="&quot;angular.json&quot; 包含供 CLI 命令使用的工作区和项目默认配置。" target="_self"><span>工作区配置</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/npm-packages" title="开发期间和运行期间所需的 npm 包的说明。" target="_self"><span>npm 包</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/typescript-configuration" title="给 Angular 开发者的 TypeScript 配置。" target="_self"><span>TypeScript 配置</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/browser-support" title="浏览器支持与腻子脚本指南。" target="_self"><span>浏览器支持</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="Angular 的版本发布实践、更新与升级。" aria-pressed="false"><span>发布信息</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-1 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/updating" title="如何把 Angular 应用和库升级到最新版本。" target="_self"><span>保持最新</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/releases" title="Angular 的版本、发布、支持、弃用策略及实践。" target="_self"><span>发布实践</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/updating-to-version-9" title="支持把你的应用从 8 升级到 9。" target="_self"><span>升级到第 9 版</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/deprecations" title="弃用的 Angular API 和特性汇总。" target="_self"><span>弃用清单</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/ivy" title="关于 Angular Ivy 的编译与渲染管道。" target="_self"><span>Angular Ivy</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="Angular 语法、编码、术语汇总。" aria-pressed="false"><span>快捷手册</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-1 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/cheatsheet" title="关于 Angular 常用编码技术的快速指南。" target="_self"><span>速查表</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/styleguide" title="写出 Angular 风格的程序" target="_self"><span>风格指南</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="guide/glossary" title="Angular 中最重要的词汇的简要定义。" target="_self"><span>词汇表</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" class="vertical-menu-item heading level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" title="Angular CLI 命令参考手册。" aria-pressed="false"><span>CLI 命令</span><mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><div class="heading-children level-1 collapsed"><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli" title="CLI 工具介绍、命令、语法" target="_self"><span>概览</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/usage-analytics-gathering" title="管理员如何从用户那里收集使用情况分析。" target="_self"><span>使用情况分析</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/add" title="ng add." target="_self"><span>ng add</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/analytics" title="ng analytics." target="_self"><span>ng analytics</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/build" title="ng build." target="_self"><span>ng build</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/config" title="ng config." target="_self"><span>ng config</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/deploy" title="ng deploy." target="_self"><span>ng deploy</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/doc" title="ng doc." target="_self"><span>ng doc</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/e2e" title="ng e2e." target="_self"><span>ng e2e</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/generate" title="ng generate." target="_self"><span>ng generate</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/help" title="ng help." target="_self"><span>ng help</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/lint" title="ng lint." target="_self"><span>ng lint</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/new" title="ng new." target="_self"><span>ng new</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/run" title="ng run." target="_self"><span>ng run</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/serve" title="ng serve." target="_self"><span>ng serve</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/test" title="ng test." target="_self"><span>ng test</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/update" title="ng update." target="_self"><span>ng update</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/version" title="ng version." target="_self"><span>ng version</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-2 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="cli/xi18n" title="ng xi18n." target="_self"><span>ng xi18n</span></a></div></aio-nav-item></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="api" title="关于 Angular 中类和值的详细信息。" target="_self"><span>API 参考手册</span></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="mat-divider ng-star-inserted" style="margin:4px 20px;border-top:1px solid #d3d3d3"></div></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="https://github.com/ng-docs/ng-docs.github.io/issues" title="github 上的中文互助问答区" target="_blank"><span>互助问答</span><mat-icon role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true">open_in_new</mat-icon></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="https://material.angular.cn" title="Angular Material 组件库的中文文档" target="_blank"><span>官方 Material 组件库</span><mat-icon role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true">open_in_new</mat-icon></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="https://ng.ant.design/" title="Ant Design 的 Angular 实现，服务于企业级后台产品。" target="_blank"><span>ng-zorro 组件库</span><mat-icon role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true">open_in_new</mat-icon></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="https://ng.mobile.ant.design/" title="Ant Design Mobile 的 Angular 实现，服务于无线产品。" target="_blank"><span>ng-zorro mobile 组件库</span><mat-icon role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true">open_in_new</mat-icon></a></div></aio-nav-item><aio-nav-item class="ng-star-inserted"><div class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="vertical-menu-item level-1 collapsed ng-star-inserted" style="position:relative" href="https://flutter-io.cn/" title="Flutter 中文文档站" target="_blank"><span>友站：Flutter 中文</span><mat-icon role="img" class="mat-icon notranslate material-icons mat-icon-no-color ng-star-inserted" aria-hidden="true">open_in_new</mat-icon></a></div></aio-nav-item></aio-nav-menu><div class="doc-version ng-tns-c18-1"><aio-select><div class="form-select-menu"><button class="form-select-button"><span><strong></strong></span><span>stable (v9.0.0)</span></button></div></aio-select></div></div></mat-sidenav><div class="cdk-visually-hidden cdk-focus-trap-anchor" aria-hidden="true"></div><mat-sidenav-content cdkscrollable="" class="mat-drawer-content mat-sidenav-content ng-star-inserted" style="margin-left:261px"><main role="main" class="sidenav-content" id="guide-schematics-for-libraries"><aio-mode-banner></aio-mode-banner><aio-doc-viewer class=""><div style="opacity:1"><div class="github-links"><a href="https://github.com/angular/angular-cn/edit/aio/aio/content/guide/schematics-for-libraries.md?message=docs%3A%20请简述你的修改..." aria-label="提供编辑建议" title="提供编辑建议"><i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" role="img">mode_edit</i></a></div><div class="content"><h1 id="schematics-for-libraries" translation-result="on">库的原理图<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#schematics-for-libraries"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h1><aio-toc class="embedded" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div class="toc-inner no-print collapsed ng-star-inserted"><button type="button" title="Expand/collapse contents" aria-label="Expand/collapse contents" class="toc-heading embedded secondary ng-star-inserted" aria-pressed="false">目录<mat-icon role="img" svgicon="keyboard_arrow_right" class="mat-icon notranslate rotating-icon collapsed mat-icon-no-color" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.59 16.34l4.58-4.59-4.58-4.59L10 5.75l6 6-6 6z"></path></svg></mat-icon></button><ul class="toc-list embedded"><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="创建一个原理图集合"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#creating-a-schematics-collection">创建一个原理图集合</a></li><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="提供安装支持"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#providing-installation-support">提供安装支持</a></li><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="构建你的原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#building-your-schematics">构建你的原理图</a></li><li class="h2 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="提供生成器支持"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#providing-generation-support">提供生成器支持</a></li><li class="h3 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="配置新的原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#configure-the-new-schematic">配置新的原理图</a></li><li class="h3 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="添加模板文件"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#add-template-files">添加模板文件</a></li><li class="h3 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="添加工厂函数"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#add-the-factory-function">添加工厂函数</a></li><li class="h2 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="定义一个生成器规则"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#define-a-generation-rule">定义一个生成器规则</a></li><li class="h3 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="获取项目配置"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#get-the-project-configuration">获取项目配置</a></li><li class="h3 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="定义规则"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#define-the-rule">定义规则</a></li><li class="h2 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="运行你的库原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#running-your-library-schematic">运行你的库原理图</a></li><li class="h3 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="构建你的库和原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#build-your-library-and-schematics">构建你的库和原理图</a></li><li class="h3 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="链接这个库"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#link-the-library">链接这个库</a></li><li class="h3 secondary ng-star-inserted" title="运行原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#run-the-schematic">运行原理图</a></li></ul><button type="button" title="Expand/collapse contents" aria-label="Expand/collapse contents" class="toc-more-items embedded material-icons collapsed ng-star-inserted" aria-pressed="false"></button></div></aio-toc><h1 translation-origin="off" id="schematics-for-libraries">Schematics for libraries<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#schematics-for-libraries"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h1><p translation-result="on">当创建 Angular 库时，你可以为同时为它打包进一组原理图，并把它与 Angular CLI 集成在一起。借助原理图，用户可以用 <code>ng add</code> 来安装你这个库的初始版本，可以用 <code>ng generate</code> 来创建你在库中定义的一些工件，可以用 <code>ng <a href="api/forms/NgModel#update" class="code-anchor">update</a></code> 来调整他们的项目，以支持你在库的新版本中引入的重大变更。</p><p translation-origin="off">When you create an Angular library, you can provide and package it with schematics that integrate it with the Angular CLI. With your schematics, your users can use <code>ng add</code> to install an initial version of your library, <code>ng generate</code> to create artifacts defined in your library, and <code>ng <a href="api/forms/NgModel#update" class="code-anchor">update</a></code> to adjust their project for a new version of your library that introduces breaking changes.</p><p translation-result="on">这三种原理图都可以作为你打包进库中的集合的一部分。</p><p translation-origin="off">All three types of schematics can be part of a collection that you package with your library.</p><p translation-result="on">下载<live-example downloadonly="" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><span style="display:none">库的原理图项目</span><span><span class="ng-star-inserted"><a download="" title="库的原理图项目" href="generated/zips/schematics-for-libraries/schematics-for-libraries.zip">库的原理图项目</a></span></span></live-example>以获取一个已完成下列步骤的例子。</p><p translation-origin="off">Download the<live-example downloadonly="" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><span style="display:none">library schematics project</span><span><span class="ng-star-inserted"><a download="" title="library schematics project" href="generated/zips/schematics-for-libraries/schematics-for-libraries.zip">library schematics project</a></span></span></live-example>for a completed example of the steps below.</p><h2 id="creating-a-schematics-collection" translation-result="on">创建一个原理图集合<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#creating-a-schematics-collection"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><h2 translation-origin="off" id="creating-a-schematics-collection">Creating a schematics collection<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#creating-a-schematics-collection"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><p translation-result="on">要开始一个集合，你需要创建一些原理图文件。下列步骤说明了如何在不修改任何项目文件的情况下添加初始支持。</p><p translation-origin="off">To start a collection, you need to create the schematic files. The following steps show you how to add initial support without modifying any project files.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on">在库的根文件夹中，创建一个 <code>schematics/</code> 文件夹。</p><p translation-origin="off">In your library's root folder, create a <code>schematics/</code> folder.</p></li></ol><ol><li><p translation-result="on">在 <code>schematics/</code> 文件夹中，为你的第一个原理图创建一个 <code>ng-add/</code> 文件夹。</p><p translation-origin="off">In the <code>schematics/</code> folder, create an <code>ng-add/</code> folder for your first schematic.</p></li></ol><ol><li><p translation-result="on">在 <code>schematics/</code> 文件夹的根级，创建一个 <code>collection.json</code> 文件。</p><p translation-origin="off">At the root level of the <code>schematics/</code> folder, create a <code>collection.json</code> file.</p></li></ol><ol><li><p translation-result="on">编辑 <code>collection.json</code> 文件来定义你的集合的初始模式定义。</p><p translation-origin="off">Edit the <code>collection.json</code> file to define the initial schema for your collection.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/collection.json (Schematics Collection)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/collection.1.json" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">{ "$schema": "../../../node_modules/@angular-devkit/schematics/collection-schema.json", "schematics": { "ng-add": { "description": "Add my library to the project.", "factory": "./ng-add/index#ngAdd" } } }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/collection.json (Schematics Collection)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/collection.json (Schematics Collection)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"$schema"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"../../../node_modules/@angular-devkit/schematics/collection-schema.json"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"schematics"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"ng-add"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"description"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"Add my library to the project."</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"factory"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"./ng-add/index#ngAdd"</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><code>$schema</code> 路径是相对于 Angular Devkit 集合模式定义的。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>$schema</code> path is relative to the Angular Devkit collection schema.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><code>schematics</code> 对象描述了该集合中的命名原理图。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>schematics</code> object describes the named schematics that are part of this collection.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on">第一个条目是名为 <code>ng-add</code> 的原理图。它包含了描述，并指向执行此原理图时要调用的工厂函数。</p><p translation-origin="off">The first entry is for a schematic named <code>ng-add</code>. It contains the description, and points to the factory function that is called when your schematic is executed.</p></li></ul><ol><li><p translation-result="on">在这个库项目的 <code>package.json</code> 文件中，添加一个 “schematics” 的条目，里面带有你的模式定义文件的路径。当 Angular CLI 运行命令时，会根据这个条目在你的集合中查找指定名字的原理图。</p><p translation-origin="off">In your library project's <code>package.json</code> file, add a "schematics" entry with the path to your schema file. The Angular CLI uses this entry to find named schematics in your collection when it runs commands.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/package.json (Schematics Collection Reference)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/package.json" region="collection" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">{ "name": "my-lib", "version": "0.0.1", "schematics": "./schematics/collection.json" }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/package.json (Schematics Collection Reference)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/package.json (Schematics Collection Reference)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"my-lib"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"version"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"0.0.1"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"schematics"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"./schematics/collection.json"</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on">你所创建的初始模式告诉 CLI 在哪里可以找到支持 <code>ng add</code> 命令的原理图。现在，你已准备好创建该原理图了。</p><p translation-origin="off">The initial schema that you have created tells the CLI where to find the schematic that supports the <code>ng add</code> command. Now you are ready to create that schematic.</p><h2 id="providing-installation-support" translation-result="on">提供安装支持<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#providing-installation-support"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><h2 translation-origin="off" id="providing-installation-support">Providing installation support<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#providing-installation-support"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><p translation-result="on"><code>ng add</code> 命令的原理图可以增强用户的初始安装过程。可以按如下步骤定义这种原理图。</p><p translation-origin="off">A schematic for the <code>ng add</code> command can enhance the initial installation process for your users. The following steps will define this type of schematic.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on">进入<lib-root>/schematics/ng-add/ 目录。</lib-root></p><p translation-origin="off">Go to the<lib-root>/schematics/ng-add/ folder.</lib-root></p></li></ol><ol><li><p translation-result="on">创建主文件 <code>index.ts</code> 。</p><p translation-origin="off">Create the main file, <code>index.ts</code>.</p></li></ol><ol><li><p translation-result="on">打开 <code>index.ts</code> 并添加原理图工厂函数的源代码。</p><p translation-origin="off">Open <code>index.ts</code> and add the source code for your schematic factory function.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/ng-add/index.ts (ng-add Rule Factory)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/ng-add/index.ts" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">import { Rule, SchematicContext, Tree } from '@angular-devkit/schematics'; import { NodePackageInstallTask } from '@angular-devkit/schematics/tasks'; // Just return the tree export function ngAdd(_options: any): Rule { return (tree: Tree, _context: SchematicContext) =&gt; { _context.addTask(new NodePackageInstallTask()); return tree; }; }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/ng-add/index.ts (ng-add Rule Factory)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/ng-add/index.ts (ng-add Rule Factory)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">SchematicContext</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/schematics'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">NodePackageInstallTask</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/schematics/tasks'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="com">// Just return the tree</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="kwd">export</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">function</span><span class="pln"> ngAdd</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">_options</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> any</span><span class="pun">):</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">tree</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> _context</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">SchematicContext</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">=&gt;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    _context</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">addTask</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">NodePackageInstallTask</span><span class="pun">());</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> tree</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">};</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on">提供初始 <code>ng add</code> 支持所需的唯一步骤是使用 <code>SchematicContext</code> 来触发安装任务。该任务会借助用户首选的包管理器将该库添加到宿主项目的 <code>package.json</code> 配置文件中，并将其安装到该项目的 <code>node_modules</code> 目录下。</p><p translation-origin="off">The only step needed to provide initial <code>ng add</code> support is to trigger an installation task using the <code>SchematicContext</code>. The task uses the user's preferred package manager to add the library to the project's <code>package.json</code> configuration file, and install it in the project’s <code>node_modules</code> directory.</p><p translation-result="on">在这个例子中，该函数会接收当前的 <code>Tree</code> 并返回它而不作任何修改。如果需要，你也可以在安装软件包时进行额外的设置，例如生成文件、更新配置、或者库所需的任何其它初始设置。</p><p translation-origin="off">In this example, the function receives the current <code>Tree</code> and returns it without any modifications. If you need to, you can do additional setup when your package is installed, such as generating files, updating configuration, or any other initial setup your library requires.</p><h2 id="building-your-schematics" translation-result="on">构建你的原理图<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#building-your-schematics"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><h2 translation-origin="off" id="building-your-schematics">Building your schematics<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#building-your-schematics"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><p translation-result="on">要把你的原理图和库打包到一起，就必须把这个库配置成单独构建原理图，然后再把它们添加到发布包中。你必须<em>先构建库</em>再构建原理图，这样才能把它们放到正确的目录下。</p><p translation-origin="off">To bundle your schematics together with your library, you must configure the library to build the schematics separately, then add them to the bundle. You must build your schematics <em>after</em> you build your library, so they are placed in the correct directory.</p><ul><li><p translation-result="on">你的库需要一个自定义的 Typescript 配置文件，里面带有如何把原理图编译进库的发布版的一些指令。</p><p translation-origin="off">Your library needs a custom Typescript configuration file with instructions on how to compile your schematics into your distributed library.</p></li></ul><ul><li><p translation-result="on">要把这些原理图添加到库的发布包中，就要把这些脚本添加到该库的 <code>package.json</code> 文件中。</p><p translation-origin="off">To add the schematics to the library bundle, add scripts to the library's <code>package.json</code> file.</p></li></ul><p translation-result="on">假设你在 Angular 工作区中有一个库项目 <code>my-lib</code>。要想告诉库如何构建原理图，就要在生成的 <code>tsconfig.lib.json</code> 库配置文件旁添加一个 <code>tsconfig.schematics.json</code> 文件。</p><p translation-origin="off">Assume you have a library project <code>my-lib</code> in your Angular workspace. To tell the library how to build the schematics, add a <code>tsconfig.schematics.json</code> file next to the generated <code>tsconfig.lib.json</code> file that configures the library build.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on">编辑 <code>tsconfig.schematics.json</code> 文件，添加如下内容。</p><p translation-origin="off">Edit the <code>tsconfig.schematics.json</code> file to add the following content.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/tsconfig.schematics.json (TypeScript Config)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/tsconfig.schematics.json" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">{ "compilerOptions": { "baseUrl": ".", "lib": [ "es2018", "dom" ], "declaration": true, "module": "commonjs", "moduleResolution": "node", "noEmitOnError": true, "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true, "noImplicitAny": true, "noImplicitThis": true, "noUnusedParameters": true, "noUnusedLocals": true, "rootDir": "schematics", "outDir": "../../dist/my-lib/schematics", "skipDefaultLibCheck": true, "skipLibCheck": true, "sourceMap": true, "strictNullChecks": true, "target": "es6", "types": [ "jasmine", "node" ] }, "include": [ "schematics/**/*" ], "exclude": [ "schematics/*/files/**/*" ] }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/tsconfig.schematics.json (TypeScript Config)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/tsconfig.schematics.json (TypeScript Config)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"compilerOptions"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"baseUrl"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"."</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"lib"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"es2018"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"dom"</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">],</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"declaration"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"module"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"commonjs"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"moduleResolution"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"node"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"noEmitOnError"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"noFallthroughCasesInSwitch"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"noImplicitAny"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"noImplicitThis"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"noUnusedParameters"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"noUnusedLocals"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"rootDir"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"schematics"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"outDir"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"../../dist/my-lib/schematics"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"skipDefaultLibCheck"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"skipLibCheck"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"sourceMap"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"strictNullChecks"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">true</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"target"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"es6"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"types"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"jasmine"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"node"</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"include"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"schematics/**/*"</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">],</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"exclude"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"schematics/*/files/**/*"</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><code>rootDir</code> 指出在你的 <code>schematics/</code> 文件夹中包含要编译的输入文件。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>rootDir</code> specifies that your <code>schematics/</code> folder contains the input files to be compiled.</p></li></ul><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><code>outDir</code> 映射到了库的输出目录下。默认情况下，这是工作空间根目录下的 <code>dist/my-lib</code> 文件夹。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>outDir</code> maps to the library's output folder. By default, this is the <code>dist/my-lib</code> folder at the root of your workspace.</p></li></ul><ol><li><p translation-result="on">要确保你的原理图源文件会被编译进库包中，请把下列脚本添加到库项目的根文件夹（<code>projects/my-lib</code>）下的 <code>package.json</code> 文件中。</p><p translation-origin="off">To make sure your schematics source files get compiled into the library bundle, add the following scripts to the <code>package.json</code> file in your library project's root folder (<code>projects/my-lib</code>).</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/package.json (Build Scripts)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/package.json" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">{ "name": "my-lib", "version": "0.0.1", "scripts": { "build": "../../node_modules/.bin/tsc -p tsconfig.schematics.json", "copy:schemas": "cp --parents schematics/*/schema.json ../../dist/my-lib/", "copy:files": "cp --parents -p schematics/*/files/** ../../dist/my-lib/", "copy:<a href="api/core/DefaultIterableDiffer#collection" class="code-anchor">collection</a>": "cp schematics/collection.json ../../dist/my-lib/schematics/collection.json", "postbuild": "npm run copy:schemas &amp;&amp; npm run copy:files &amp;&amp; npm run copy:<a href="api/core/DefaultIterableDiffer#collection" class="code-anchor">collection</a>" }, "peerDependencies": { "@angular/common": "^7.2.0", "@angular/core": "^7.2.0" }, "schematics": "./schematics/collection.json" }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/package.json (Build Scripts)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/package.json (Build Scripts)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"my-lib"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"version"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"0.0.1"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"scripts"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"build"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"../../node_modules/.bin/tsc -p tsconfig.schematics.json"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"copy:schemas"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"cp --parents schematics/*/schema.json ../../dist/my-lib/"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"copy:files"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"cp --parents -p schematics/*/files/** ../../dist/my-lib/"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"copy:</span><a href="api/core/DefaultIterableDiffer#collection" class="code-anchor"><span class="str">collection</span></a><span class="str">"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"cp schematics/collection.json ../../dist/my-lib/schematics/collection.json"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"postbuild"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"npm run copy:schemas &amp;&amp; npm run copy:files &amp;&amp; npm run copy:</span><a href="api/core/DefaultIterableDiffer#collection" class="code-anchor"><span class="str">collection</span></a><span class="str">"</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"peerDependencies"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"@angular/common"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"^7.2.0"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"@angular/core"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"^7.2.0"</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"schematics"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"./schematics/collection.json"</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><code>build</code> 脚本使用自定义的 <code>tsconfig.schematics.json</code> 文件来编译你的原理图。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>build</code> script compiles your schematic using the custom <code>tsconfig.schematics.json</code> file.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><code>copy:*</code> 语句将已编译的原理图文件复制到库的输出目录下的正确位置，以保持目录的结构。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>copy:*</code> statements copy compiled schematic files into the proper locations in the library output folder in order to preserve the file structure.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><code>postbuild</code> 脚本会在 <code>build</code> 脚本完成后复制原理图文件。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>postbuild</code> script copies the schematic files after the <code>build</code> script completes.</p></li></ul><h2 id="providing-generation-support" translation-result="on">提供生成器支持<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#providing-generation-support"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><h2 translation-origin="off" id="providing-generation-support">Providing generation support<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#providing-generation-support"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><p translation-result="on">你可以把一个命名原理图添加到集合中，让你的用户可以使用 <code>ng generate</code> 命令来创建你在库中定义的工件。</p><p translation-origin="off">You can add a named schematic to your collection that lets your users use the <code>ng generate</code> command to create an artifact that is defined in your library.</p><p translation-result="on">我们假设你的库定义了一项需要进行某些设置的服务 <code>my-service</code>。你希望用户能够用下面的 CLI 命令来生成它。</p><p translation-origin="off">We'll assume that your library defines a service, <code>my-service</code>, that requires some setup. You want your users to be able to generate it using the following CLI command.</p><code-example language="bash" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">ng generate my-lib:my-service</div><aio-code><pre class="lang-bash prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pln">ng generate my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">lib</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">service</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on">首先，在 <code>schematics</code> 文件夹中新建一个子文件夹 <code>my-service</code>。</p><p translation-origin="off">To begin, create a new subfolder, <code>my-service</code>, in the <code>schematics</code> folder.</p><h3 id="configure-the-new-schematic" translation-result="on">配置新的原理图<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#configure-the-new-schematic"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><h3 translation-origin="off" id="configure-the-new-schematic">Configure the new schematic<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#configure-the-new-schematic"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><p translation-result="on">当你要把一个原理图添加到集合中时，就必须在该集合的模式中指向它，并提供一些配置文件来定义用户可以传给该命令的选项。</p><p translation-origin="off">When you add a schematic to the collection, you have to point to it in the collection's schema, and provide configuration files to define options that a user can pass to the command.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on">编辑一下 <code>schematics/collection.json</code> 文件，指向新的原理图子文件夹，并附上一个指向模式文件的指针，该文件将会指定新原理图的输入。</p><p translation-origin="off">Edit the <code>schematics/collection.json</code> file to point to the new schematic subfolder, and include a pointer to a schema file that will specify inputs for the new schematic.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/collection.json (Schematics Collection)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/collection.json" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">{ "$schema": "../../../node_modules/@angular-devkit/schematics/collection-schema.json", "schematics": { "ng-add": { "description": "Add my library to the project.", "factory": "./ng-add/index#ngAdd" }, "my-service": { "description": "Generate a service in the project.", "factory": "./my-service/index#myService", "schema": "./my-service/schema.json" } } }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/collection.json (Schematics Collection)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/collection.json (Schematics Collection)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"$schema"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"../../../node_modules/@angular-devkit/schematics/collection-schema.json"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"schematics"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"ng-add"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"description"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"Add my library to the project."</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"factory"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"./ng-add/index#ngAdd"</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"my-service"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"description"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"Generate a service in the project."</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"factory"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"./my-service/index#myService"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"schema"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"./my-service/schema.json"</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ol><li><p translation-result="on">进入 <code>&lt;lib-root&gt;/schematics/my-service/</code> 目录。</p><p translation-origin="off">Go to the <code>&lt;lib-root&gt;/schematics/my-service/</code> folder.</p></li></ol><ol><li><p translation-result="on">创建一个 <code>schema.json</code> 文件并定义该原理图的可用选项。</p><p translation-origin="off">Create a <code>schema.json</code> file and define the available options for the schematic.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/schema.json (Schematic JSON Schema)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/schema.json" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">{ "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/schema", "id": "SchematicsMyService", "title": "My Service Schema", "type": "object", "<a href="api/core/DebugElement#properties" class="code-anchor">properties</a>": { "name": { "description": "The name of the service.", "type": "string" }, "path": { "type": "string", "format": "path", "description": "The path to create the service.", "visible": false }, "project": { "type": "string", "description": "The name of the project.", "$default": { "$source": "projectName" } } }, "required": [ "name" ] }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/schema.json (Schematic JSON Schema)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/schema.json (Schematic JSON Schema)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"$schema"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"http://json-schema.org/schema"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"id"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"SchematicsMyService"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"title"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"My Service Schema"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"type"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"object"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"</span><a href="api/core/DebugElement#properties" class="code-anchor"><span class="str">properties</span></a><span class="str">"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"description"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"The name of the service."</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"type"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"string"</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"path"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"type"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"string"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"format"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"path"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"description"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"The path to create the service."</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"visible"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">false</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"project"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"type"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"string"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"description"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"The name of the project."</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="str">"$default"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
        </span><span class="str">"$source"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"projectName"</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">
   </span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="str">"required"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="str">"name"</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><em>id</em>：这个模式定义在集合中的唯一 id。</p><p translation-origin="off"><em>id</em> : A unique id for the schema in the collection.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><em>title</em>：一个人类可读的模式描述。</p><p translation-origin="off"><em>title</em> : A human-readable description of the schema.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><em>type</em>：由这些属性提供的类型描述符。</p><p translation-origin="off"><em>type</em> : A descriptor for the type provided by the properties.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><em>properties</em>：一个定义该原理图可用选项的对象。</p><p translation-origin="off"><em>properties</em> : An object that defines the available options for the schematic.</p></li></ul><p translation-result="on">每个选项都会把 key 与类型、描述和一个可选的别名关联起来。该类型定义了你所期望的值的形态，并在用户请求你的原理图给出用法帮助时显示这份描述。</p><p translation-origin="off">Each option associates key with a type, description, and optional alias. The type defines the shape of the value you expect, and the description is displayed when the user requests usage help for your schematic.</p><p translation-result="on">关于原理图的更多自定义选项，请参阅工作区的模式定义。</p><p translation-origin="off">See the workspace schema for additional customizations for schematic options.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on">创建一个 <code>schema.ts</code> 文件，并定义一个接口，用于存放 <code>schema.json</code> 文件中定义的各个选项的值。</p><p translation-origin="off">Create a <code>schema.ts</code> file and define an interface that stores the values of the options defined in the <code>schema.json</code> file.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/schema.ts (Schematic Interface)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/schema.ts" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">export interface Schema { // The name of the service. name: string; // The path to create the service. path?: string; // The name of the project. project?: string; }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/schema.ts (Schematic Interface)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/schema.ts (Schematic Interface)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">export</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">interface</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Schema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="com">// The name of the service.</span><span class="pln">
  name</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">string</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

  </span><span class="com">// The path to create the service.</span><span class="pln">
  path</span><span class="pun">?:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">string</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

  </span><span class="com">// The name of the project.</span><span class="pln">
  project</span><span class="pun">?:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">string</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><em>name</em>：你要为创建的这个服务指定的名称。</p><p translation-origin="off"><em>name</em> : The name you want to provide for the created service.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><em>path</em>：覆盖为原理图提供的路径。默认情况下，路径是基于当前工作目录的。</p><p translation-origin="off"><em>path</em> : Overrides the path provided to the schematic. The default path value is based on the current working directory.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><em>project</em>：提供一个具体项目来运行原理图。在原理图中，如果用户没有给出该选项，你可以提供一个默认值。</p><p translation-origin="off"><em>project</em> : Provides a specific project to run the schematic on. In the schematic, you can provide a default if the option is not provided by the user.</p></li></ul><h3 id="add-template-files" translation-result="on">添加模板文件<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#add-template-files"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><h3 translation-origin="off" id="add-template-files">Add template files<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#add-template-files"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><p translation-result="on">要把工件添加到项目中，你的原理图就需要自己的模板文件。原理图模板支持特殊的语法来执行代码和变量替换。</p><p translation-origin="off">To add artifacts to a project, your schematic needs its own template files. Schematic templates support special syntax to execute code and variable substitution.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on">在 <code>schematics/my-service/</code> 目录下创建一个 <code>files/</code> 文件夹。</p><p translation-origin="off">Create a <code>files/</code> folder inside the <code>schematics/my-service/</code> folder.</p></li></ol><ol><li><p translation-result="on">创建一个名叫 <code>__name@dasherize__.service.ts.template</code> 的文件，它定义了一个可以用来生成文件的模板。这里的模板会生成一个已把 Angular 的 <code><a href="api/common/http/HttpClient" class="code-anchor">HttpClient</a></code> 注入到其构造函数中的服务。</p><p translation-origin="off">Create a file named <code>__name@dasherize__.service.ts.template</code> that defines a template you can use for generating files. This template will generate a service that already has Angular's <code><a href="api/common/http/HttpClient" class="code-anchor">HttpClient</a></code> injected into its constructor.</p></li></ol><code-example lang="ts" header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/files/__name@dasherize__.service.ts.template (Schematic Template)" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">import { <a href="api/core/Injectable" class="code-anchor">Injectable</a> } from '@angular/core'; import { <a href="api/common/http/HttpClient" class="code-anchor">HttpClient</a> } from '@angular/common/<a href="api/common/http" class="code-anchor">http</a>'; @<a href="api/core/Injectable" class="code-anchor">Injectable</a>({ <a href="api/core/Injectable#providedIn" class="code-anchor">providedIn</a>: 'root' }) export class &lt;%= classify(name) %&gt;Service { constructor(private <a href="api/common/http" class="code-anchor">http</a>: <a href="api/common/http/HttpClient" class="code-anchor">HttpClient</a>) { } }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/files/__name@dasherize__.service.ts.template (Schematic Template)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/files/__name@dasherize__.service.ts.template (Schematic Template)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><a href="api/core/Injectable" class="code-anchor"><span class="typ">Injectable</span></a><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular/core'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><a href="api/common/http/HttpClient" class="code-anchor"><span class="typ">HttpClient</span></a><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular/common/</span><a href="api/common/http" class="code-anchor"><span class="str">http</span></a><span class="str">'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="lit">@</span><a href="api/core/Injectable" class="code-anchor"><span class="lit">Injectable</span></a><span class="pun">({</span><span class="pln">
  </span><a href="api/core/Injectable#providedIn" class="code-anchor"><span class="pln">providedIn</span></a><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'root'</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">})</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="kwd">export</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">&lt;%=</span><span class="pln"> classify</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">name</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">%&gt;</span><span class="typ">Service</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="kwd">constructor</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="kwd">private</span><span class="pln"> </span><a href="api/common/http" class="code-anchor"><span class="pln">http</span></a><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><a href="api/common/http/HttpClient" class="code-anchor"><span class="typ">HttpClient</span></a><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><code>classify</code> 和 <code>dasherize</code> 方法是实用函数，你的原理图会用它们来转换你的模板源码和文件名。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>classify</code> and <code>dasherize</code> methods are utility functions that your schematic will use to transform your source template and filename.</p></li></ul><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><code>name</code> 是工厂函数提供的一个属性。它与你在模式中定义的 <code>name</code> 是一样的。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>name</code> is provided as a property from your factory function. It is the same <code>name</code> you defined in the schema.</p></li></ul><h3 id="add-the-factory-function" translation-result="on">添加工厂函数<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#add-the-factory-function"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><h3 translation-origin="off" id="add-the-factory-function">Add the factory function<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#add-the-factory-function"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><p translation-result="on">现在，你已经有了基础设施，可以开始定义一个 main 函数来执行要对用户项目做的各种修改了。</p><p translation-origin="off">Now that you have the infrastructure in place, you can define the main function that performs the modifications you need in the user's project.</p><p translation-result="on">Schematics 框架提供了一个文件模板系统，它支持路径和内容模板。系统会操作在这个输入文件树（<code>Tree</code>）中加载的文件内或路径中定义的占位符，用传给 <code>Rule</code> 的值来填充它们。</p><p translation-origin="off">The Schematics framework provides a file templating system, which supports both path and content templates. The system operates on placeholders defined inside files or paths that loaded in the input <code>Tree</code>. It fills these in using values passed into the <code>Rule</code>.</p><p translation-result="on">有关这些数据结构和语法的详细信息，请参见 <a href="https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/blob/master/packages/angular_devkit/schematics/README.md">Schematics 的 README</a> 。</p><p translation-origin="off">For details of these data structure and syntax, see the <a href="https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/blob/master/packages/angular_devkit/schematics/README.md">Schematics README</a>.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on">创建主文件 <code>index.ts</code> 并为你的原理图工厂函数添加源代码。</p><p translation-origin="off">Create the main file, <code>index.ts</code> and add the source code for your schematic factory function.</p></li></ol><ol><li><p translation-result="on">首先，导入你需要的原理图定义。Schematics 框架提供了许多实用函数来创建规则或在执行原理图时和使用规则。</p><p translation-origin="off">First, import the schematics definitions you will need. The Schematics framework offers many utility functions to create and use rules when running a schematic.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Imports)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" region="schematics-imports" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">import { Rule, Tree, SchematicsException, apply, url, applyTemplates, move, chain, mergeWith } from '@angular-devkit/schematics'; import { strings, normalize, experimental } from '@angular-devkit/core';</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Imports)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Imports)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">SchematicsException</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  apply</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> url</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> applyTemplates</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> move</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  chain</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> mergeWith
</span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/schematics'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> strings</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> normalize</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> experimental </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/core'</span><span class="pun">;</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ol><li><p translation-result="on">导入已定义的模式接口，它会为你的原理图选项提供类型信息。</p><p translation-origin="off">Import the defined schema interface that provides the type information for your schematic's options.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Schema Import)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" region="schema-imports" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">import { Rule, Tree, SchematicsException, apply, url, applyTemplates, move, chain, mergeWith } from '@angular-devkit/schematics'; import { strings, normalize, experimental } from '@angular-devkit/core'; import { Schema as MyServiceSchema } from './schema';</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Schema Import)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Schema Import)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">SchematicsException</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  apply</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> url</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> applyTemplates</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> move</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  chain</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> mergeWith
</span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/schematics'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> strings</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> normalize</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> experimental </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/core'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Schema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">as</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">MyServiceSchema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'./schema'</span><span class="pun">;</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ol><li><p translation-result="on">要想构建 "生成器原理图"，我们从一个空白的规则工厂开始。</p><p translation-origin="off">To build up the generation schematic, start with an empty rule factory.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Initial Rule)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.1.ts" region="factory" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">export function myService(options: MyServiceSchema): Rule { return (tree: Tree) =&gt; { return tree; }; }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Initial Rule)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Initial Rule)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">export</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">function</span><span class="pln"> myService</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">MyServiceSchema</span><span class="pun">):</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">tree</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">=&gt;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> tree</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">};</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on">这个简单的规则工厂返回树而不做任何修改。这些选项都是从 <code>ng generate</code> 命令传过来的选项值。</p><p translation-origin="off">This simple rule factory returns the tree without modification. The options are the option values passed through from the <code>ng generate</code> command.</p><h2 id="define-a-generation-rule" translation-result="on">定义一个生成器规则<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#define-a-generation-rule"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><h2 translation-origin="off" id="define-a-generation-rule">Define a generation rule<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#define-a-generation-rule"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><p translation-result="on">我们现在有了一个框架，可用来创建一些真正修改用户程序的代码，以便对库中定义的服务进行设置。</p><p translation-origin="off">We now have the framework in place for creating the code that actually modifies the user's application to set it up for the service defined in your library.</p><p translation-result="on">用户安装过此库的 Angular 工作区中会包含多个项目（应用和库）。用户可以在命令行中指定一个项目，也可以使用它的默认值。在任何一种情况下，你的代码都需要知道应该在哪个项目上应用此原理图，这样才能从该项目的配置中检索信息。</p><p translation-origin="off">The Angular workspace where the user has installed your library contains multiple projects (applications and libraries). The user can specify the project on the command line, or allow it to default. In either case, your code needs to identify the specific project to which this schematic is being applied, so that you can retrieve information from the project configuration.</p><p translation-result="on">你可以使用传给工厂函数的 <code>Tree</code> 对象来做到这一点。通过 <code>Tree</code> 的一些方法，你可以访问此工作空间的完整文件树，以便在运行原理图时读写文件。</p><p translation-origin="off">You can do this using the <code>Tree</code> object that is passed in to the factory function. The <code>Tree</code> methods give you access to the complete file tree in your workspace, allowing you to read and write files during the execution of the schematic.</p><h3 id="get-the-project-configuration" translation-result="on">获取项目配置<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#get-the-project-configuration"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><h3 translation-origin="off" id="get-the-project-configuration">Get the project configuration<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#get-the-project-configuration"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><ol><li><p translation-result="on">要确定目标项目，可以使用 <code>Tree.read()</code> 方法在工作空间的根目录下读取工作空间配置文件 <code>angular.json</code> 的内容。将以下代码添加到工厂函数中。</p><p translation-origin="off">To determine the destination project, use the <code>Tree.read()</code> method to read the contents of the workspace configuration file, <code>angular.json</code>, at the root of the workspace. Add the following code to your factory function.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Schema Import)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" region="workspace" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">import { Rule, Tree, SchematicsException, apply, url, applyTemplates, move, chain, mergeWith } from '@angular-devkit/schematics'; import { strings, normalize, experimental } from '@angular-devkit/core'; import { Schema as MyServiceSchema } from './schema'; export function myService(options: MyServiceSchema): Rule { return (tree: Tree) =&gt; { const workspaceConfig = tree.read('/angular.json'); if (!workspaceConfig) { throw new SchematicsException('Could not find Angular workspace configuration'); } // convert workspace to string const workspaceContent = workspaceConfig.toString(); // parse workspace string into JSON object const workspace: experimental.workspace.WorkspaceSchema = JSON.parse(workspaceContent); }; }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Schema Import)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Schema Import)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">SchematicsException</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  apply</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> url</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> applyTemplates</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> move</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  chain</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> mergeWith
</span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/schematics'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> strings</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> normalize</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> experimental </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/core'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Schema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">as</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">MyServiceSchema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'./schema'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">export</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">function</span><span class="pln"> myService</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">MyServiceSchema</span><span class="pun">):</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">tree</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">=&gt;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> workspaceConfig </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> tree</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">read</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">'/angular.json'</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">if</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(!</span><span class="pln">workspaceConfig</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="kwd">throw</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">SchematicsException</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">'Could not find Angular workspace configuration'</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="com">// convert workspace to string</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> workspaceContent </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> workspaceConfig</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">toString</span><span class="pun">();</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="com">// parse workspace string into JSON object</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> workspace</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> experimental</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">workspace</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">WorkspaceSchema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> JSON</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">parse</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">workspaceContent</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">};</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ul><li><p translation-result="on">一定要检查此上下文是否存在，并抛出相应的错误。</p><p translation-origin="off">Be sure to check that the context exists and throw the appropriate error.</p></li></ul><ul><li><p translation-result="on">把这些内容读入成字符串后，把配置解析成一个 JSON 对象，把它的类型设置为 <code>WorkspaceSchema</code>。</p><p translation-origin="off">After reading the contents into a string, parse the configuration into a JSON object, typed to the <code>WorkspaceSchema</code>.</p></li></ul><ol><li><p translation-result="on"><code>WorkspaceSchema</code> 包含工作空间配置的所有属性，包括一个 <code>defaultProject</code> 值，用来确定如果没有提供该参数，要使用哪个项目。如果 <code>ng generate</code> 命令中没有明确指定任何项目，我们就会把它作为后备值。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>WorkspaceSchema</code> contains all the properties of the workspace configuration, including a <code>defaultProject</code> value for determining which project to use if not provided. We will use that value as a fallback, if no project is explicitly specified in the <code>ng generate</code> command.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Default Project)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" region="project-fallback" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">if (!options.project) { options.project = workspace.defaultProject; }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Default Project)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Default Project)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">if</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(!</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">project</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">project </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> workspace</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">defaultProject</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ol><li><p translation-result="on">现在你有了项目名称，用它来检索指定项目的配置信息。</p><p translation-origin="off">Now that you have the project name, use it to retrieve the project-specific configuration information.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Project)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" region="project-info" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">const projectName = options.project as string; const project = workspace.projects[projectName]; const projectType = project.projectType === 'application' ? 'app' : 'lib';</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Project)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Project)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> projectName </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">project </span><span class="kwd">as</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">string</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> project </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> workspace</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">projects</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">projectName</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> projectType </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> project</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">projectType </span><span class="pun">===</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'application'</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">?</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'app'</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'lib'</span><span class="pun">;</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on"> <code>workspace projects</code> 对象包含指定项目的全部配置信息。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>workspace projects</code> object contains all the project-specific configuration information.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on"><code>options.path</code> 决定了应用原理图之后，要把原理图模板文件移动到的位置。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>options.path</code> determines where the schematic template files are moved to once the schematic is applied.</p></li></ol><p translation-result="on">原理图模式中的 <code>path</code> 选项默认会替换为当前工作目录。如果未定义 <code>path</code>，就使用项目配置中的 <code>sourceRoot</code> 和 <code>projectType</code> 来确定。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>path</code> option in the schematic's schema is substituted by default with the current working directory. If the <code>path</code> is not defined, use the <code>sourceRoot</code> from the project configuration along with the <code>projectType</code>.</p><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Project Info)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" region="path" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">if (options.path === undefined) { options.path = `${project.sourceRoot}/${projectType}`; }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Project Info)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Project Info)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">if</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">path </span><span class="pun">===</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">undefined</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">path </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">`${project.sourceRoot}/${projectType}`</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><h3 id="define-the-rule" translation-result="on">定义规则<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#define-the-rule"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><h3 translation-origin="off" id="define-the-rule">Define the rule<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#define-the-rule"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><p translation-result="on"><code>Rule</code> 可以使用外部模板文件，对它们进行转换，并使用转换后的模板返回另一个 <code>Rule</code> 对象。你可以使用模板来生成原理图所需的任意自定义文件。</p><p translation-origin="off">A <code>Rule</code> can use external template files, transform them, and return another <code>Rule</code> object with the transformed template. You can use the templating to generate any custom files required for your schematic.</p><ol><li><p translation-result="on">将以下代码添加到工厂函数中。</p><p translation-origin="off">Add the following code to your factory function.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Template transform)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" region="template" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">const templateSource = apply(url('./files'), [ applyTemplates({ classify: strings.classify, dasherize: strings.dasherize, name: options.name }), move(normalize(options.path as string)) ]);</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Template transform)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Template transform)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> templateSource </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> apply</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">url</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">'./files'</span><span class="pun">),</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">
  applyTemplates</span><span class="pun">({</span><span class="pln">
    classify</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> strings</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">classify</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    dasherize</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> strings</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">dasherize</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
    name</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">name
  </span><span class="pun">}),</span><span class="pln">
  move</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">normalize</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">path </span><span class="kwd">as</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">string</span><span class="pun">))</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">]);</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><ul><li><p translation-result="on"><code>apply()</code> 方法会把多个规则应用到源码中，并返回转换后的源代码。它需要两个参数，一个源代码和一个规则数组。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>apply()</code> method applies multiple rules to a source and returns the transformed source. It takes 2 arguments, a source and an array of rules.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><code><a href="api/common/upgrade/$locationShim#url" class="code-anchor">url()</a></code> 方法会从文件系统中相对于原理图的路径下读取源文件。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code><a href="api/common/upgrade/$locationShim#url" class="code-anchor">url()</a></code> method reads source files from your filesystem, relative to the schematic.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><code>applyTemplates()</code> 方法会接收一个参数，它的方法和属性可用在原理图模板和原理图文件名上。它返回一条 <code>Rule</code>。你可以在这里定义 <code>classify()</code> 和 <code>dasherize()</code> 方法，以及 <code>name</code> 属性。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>applyTemplates()</code> method receives an argument of methods and properties you want make available to the schematic template and the schematic filenames. It returns a <code>Rule</code>. This is where you define the <code>classify()</code> and <code>dasherize()</code> methods, and the <code>name</code> property.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><code>classify()</code> 方法接受一个值，并返回标题格式（title case）的值。比如，如果提供的名字是 <code>my service</code>，它就会返回 <code>MyService</code>。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>classify()</code> method takes a value and returns the value in title case. For example, if the provided name is <code>my service</code>, it is returned as <code>MyService</code></p></li><li><p translation-result="on"><code>dasherize()</code> 方法接受一个值，并以中线分隔并小写的形式返回值。比如，如果提供的名字是 MyService，它就会返回 “my-service” 的形式。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>dasherize()</code> method takes a value and returns the value in dashed and lowercase. For example, if the provided name is MyService, it is returned as `my-service.</p></li><li><p translation-result="on">当应用了此原理图之后，<code>move</code> 方法会把所提供的源文件移动到目的地。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>move</code> method moves the provided source files to their destination when the schematic is applied.</p></li></ul><ol><li><p translation-result="on">最后，规则工厂必须返回一条规则。</p><p translation-origin="off">Finally, the rule factory must return a rule.</p></li></ol><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Chain Rule)" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" region="chain" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">return chain([ mergeWith(templateSource) ]);</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Chain Rule)</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts (Chain Rule)">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> chain</span><span class="pun">([</span><span class="pln">
  mergeWith</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">templateSource</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">]);</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on"> <code>chain()</code> 方法允许你把多个规则组合到一个规则中，这样就可以在一个原理图中执行多个操作。这里你只是把模板规则和原理图要执行的代码合并在一起。</p><p translation-origin="off">The <code>chain()</code> method allows you to combine multiple rules into a single rule, so that you can perform multiple operations in a single schematic. Here you are only merging the template rules with any code executed by the schematic.</p><p translation-result="on">请看原理图规则函数的一个完整例子。</p><p translation-origin="off">See a complete exampled of the schematic rule function.</p><code-example header="projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" path="schematics-for-libraries/projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">import { Rule, Tree, SchematicsException, apply, url, applyTemplates, move, chain, mergeWith } from '@angular-devkit/schematics'; import { strings, normalize, experimental } from '@angular-devkit/core'; import { Schema as MyServiceSchema } from './schema'; export function myService(options: MyServiceSchema): Rule { return (tree: Tree) =&gt; { const workspaceConfig = tree.read('/angular.json'); if (!workspaceConfig) { throw new SchematicsException('Could not find Angular workspace configuration'); } // convert workspace to string const workspaceContent = workspaceConfig.toString(); // parse workspace string into JSON object const workspace: experimental.workspace.WorkspaceSchema = JSON.parse(workspaceContent); if (!options.project) { options.project = workspace.defaultProject; } const projectName = options.project as string; const project = workspace.projects[projectName]; const projectType = project.projectType === 'application' ? 'app' : 'lib'; if (options.path === undefined) { options.path = `${project.sourceRoot}/${projectType}`; } const templateSource = apply(url('./files'), [ applyTemplates({ classify: strings.classify, dasherize: strings.dasherize, name: options.name }), move(normalize(options.path as string)) ]); return chain([ mergeWith(templateSource) ]); }; }</div><header class="ng-star-inserted">projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts</header><aio-code class="headed-code"><pre class="lang- prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Copy code snippet from projects/my-lib/schematics/my-service/index.ts">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">SchematicsException</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  apply</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> url</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> applyTemplates</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> move</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
  chain</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> mergeWith
</span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/schematics'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> strings</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> normalize</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> experimental </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'@angular-devkit/core'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Schema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">as</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">MyServiceSchema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">from</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'./schema'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

</span><span class="kwd">export</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">function</span><span class="pln"> myService</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">MyServiceSchema</span><span class="pun">):</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Rule</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">tree</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">Tree</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">=&gt;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> workspaceConfig </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> tree</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">read</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">'/angular.json'</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">if</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(!</span><span class="pln">workspaceConfig</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      </span><span class="kwd">throw</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">SchematicsException</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">'Could not find Angular workspace configuration'</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="com">// convert workspace to string</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> workspaceContent </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> workspaceConfig</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">toString</span><span class="pun">();</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="com">// parse workspace string into JSON object</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> workspace</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> experimental</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">workspace</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">WorkspaceSchema</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> JSON</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">parse</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">workspaceContent</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="kwd">if</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(!</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">project</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">project </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> workspace</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">defaultProject</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> projectName </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">project </span><span class="kwd">as</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">string</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> project </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> workspace</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">projects</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">projectName</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> projectType </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> project</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">projectType </span><span class="pun">===</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'application'</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">?</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'app'</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">'lib'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="kwd">if</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">path </span><span class="pun">===</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">undefined</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
      options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">path </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">`${project.sourceRoot}/${projectType}`</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="kwd">const</span><span class="pln"> templateSource </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> apply</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">url</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">'./files'</span><span class="pun">),</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">
      applyTemplates</span><span class="pun">({</span><span class="pln">
        classify</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> strings</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">classify</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
        dasherize</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> strings</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">dasherize</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
        name</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">name
      </span><span class="pun">}),</span><span class="pln">
      move</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">normalize</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">options</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">path </span><span class="kwd">as</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">string</span><span class="pun">))</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">]);</span><span class="pln">

    </span><span class="kwd">return</span><span class="pln"> chain</span><span class="pun">([</span><span class="pln">
      mergeWith</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">templateSource</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln">
    </span><span class="pun">]);</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">};</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">}</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on">有关规则和实用工具方法的详细信息，请参阅<a href="https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/tree/master/packages/angular_devkit/schematics#provided-rules">预定义规则</a> 。</p><p translation-origin="off">For more information about rules and utility methods, see <a href="https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/tree/master/packages/angular_devkit/schematics#provided-rules">Provided Rules</a>.</p><h2 id="running-your-library-schematic" translation-result="on">运行你的库原理图<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#running-your-library-schematic"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><h2 translation-origin="off" id="running-your-library-schematic">Running your library schematic<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#running-your-library-schematic"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h2><p translation-result="on">在构建库和原理图之后，你就可以安装一个原理图集合来运行你的项目了。下面的步骤介绍了如何使用上面创建的原理图来生成服务。</p><p translation-origin="off">After you build your library and schematics, you can install the schematics collection to run against your project. The steps below show you how to generate a service using the schematic you created above.</p><h3 id="build-your-library-and-schematics" translation-result="on">构建你的库和原理图<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#build-your-library-and-schematics"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><h3 translation-origin="off" id="build-your-library-and-schematics">Build your library and schematics<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#build-your-library-and-schematics"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><p translation-result="on">在工作区的根目录下，运行库的 <code>ng build</code> 命令。</p><p translation-origin="off">From the root of your workspace, run the <code>ng build</code> command for your library.</p><code-example language="bash" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">ng build my-lib</div><aio-code><pre class="lang-bash prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pln">ng build my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">lib</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on">然后，进入库目录，构建原理图</p><p translation-origin="off">Then, you change into your library directory to build the schematic</p><code-example language="bash" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">cd projects/my-lib npm run build</div><aio-code><pre class="lang-bash prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pln">cd projects</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">lib
npm run build</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><h3 id="link-the-library" translation-result="on">链接这个库<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#link-the-library"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><h3 translation-origin="off" id="link-the-library">Link the library<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#link-the-library"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><p translation-result="on">这些库和原理图都已打包好了，就放在你工作区根目录下的 <code>dist/my-lib</code> 文件夹中。要运行这个原理图，你需要把这个库链接到 <code>node_modules</code> 文件夹中。在工作空间的根目录下，运行 <code>npm link</code> 命令，并把你的可分发库的路径作为参数。</p><p translation-origin="off">Your library and schematics are packaged and placed in the <code>dist/my-lib</code> folder at the root of your workspace. For running the schematic, you need to link the library into your <code>node_modules</code> folder. From the root of your workspace, run the <code>npm link</code> command with the path to your distributable library.</p><code-example language="bash" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">npm link dist/my-lib</div><aio-code><pre class="lang-bash prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pln">npm link dist</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">lib</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><h3 id="run-the-schematic" translation-result="on">运行原理图<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#run-the-schematic"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><h3 translation-origin="off" id="run-the-schematic">Run the schematic<a title="Link to this heading" class="header-link" aria-hidden="true" href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#run-the-schematic"><i class="material-icons">link</i></a></h3><p translation-result="on">现在你的库已经安装完毕，可以使用 <code>ng generate</code> 命令来运行原理图了。</p><p translation-origin="off">Now that your library is installed, you can run the schematic using the <code>ng generate</code> command.</p><code-example language="bash" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">ng generate my-lib:my-service --name my-data</div><aio-code><pre class="lang-bash prettyprint">      <button title="Copy code snippet" class="material-icons copy-button no-print ng-star-inserted" aria-label="">
        <span aria-hidden="true">content_copy</span>
      </button>
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pln">ng generate my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">lib</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">service </span><span class="pun">--</span><span class="pln">name my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">data</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example><p translation-result="on">在控制台中，你会看到原理图已经运行过了，<code>my-data.service.ts</code> 文件被创建在了你的app文件夹中。</p><p translation-origin="off">In the console, you will see that the schematic was run and the <code>my-data.service.ts</code> file was created in your app folder.</p><code-example language="bash" hidecopy="true" ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div style="display:none">CREATE src/app/my-data.service.ts (208 bytes)</div><aio-code><pre class="lang-bash prettyprint">      
      <code class="animated fadeIn"><span class="pln">CREATE src</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">app</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">my</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">data</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">service</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">ts </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="lit">208</span><span class="pln"> bytes</span><span class="pun">)</span></code>
    </pre></aio-code></code-example></div></div></aio-doc-viewer></main></mat-sidenav-content></mat-sidenav-container><div class="toc-container no-print ng-star-inserted"><aio-lazy-ce selector="aio-toc"><aio-toc ng-version="9.0.0-rc.11"><div class="toc-inner no-print collapsed ng-star-inserted"><ul class="toc-list"><li class="h1 ng-star-inserted active" title="库的原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#schematics-for-libraries">库的原理图</a></li><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="创建一个原理图集合"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#creating-a-schematics-collection">创建一个原理图集合</a></li><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="提供安装支持"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#providing-installation-support">提供安装支持</a></li><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="构建你的原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#building-your-schematics">构建你的原理图</a></li><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="提供生成器支持"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#providing-generation-support">提供生成器支持</a></li><li class="h3 ng-star-inserted" title="配置新的原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#configure-the-new-schematic">配置新的原理图</a></li><li class="h3 ng-star-inserted" title="添加模板文件"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#add-template-files">添加模板文件</a></li><li class="h3 ng-star-inserted" title="添加工厂函数"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#add-the-factory-function">添加工厂函数</a></li><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="定义一个生成器规则"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#define-a-generation-rule">定义一个生成器规则</a></li><li class="h3 ng-star-inserted" title="获取项目配置"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#get-the-project-configuration">获取项目配置</a></li><li class="h3 ng-star-inserted" title="定义规则"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#define-the-rule">定义规则</a></li><li class="h2 ng-star-inserted" title="运行你的库原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#running-your-library-schematic">运行你的库原理图</a></li><li class="h3 ng-star-inserted" title="构建你的库和原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#build-your-library-and-schematics">构建你的库和原理图</a></li><li class="h3 ng-star-inserted" title="链接这个库"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#link-the-library">链接这个库</a></li><li class="h3 ng-star-inserted" title="运行原理图"><a href="guide/schematics-for-libraries#run-the-schematic">运行原理图</a></li></ul></div></aio-toc></aio-lazy-ce></div><footer class="no-print"><aio-footer><div class="grid-fluid"><div class="footer-block ng-star-inserted"><h3>资源</h3><ul><li class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="link" href="about" title="Angular 贡献者。">关于</a></li><li class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="link" href="resources" title="网络上的 Angular 工具、培训、博客等">资源列表</a></li><li class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="link" href="presskit" title="我们的联系方式、LOGO 和品牌">宣传资料</a></li><li class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="link" href="https://blog.angular.io/" title="Angular 官方博客">博客</a></li><li class="ng-star-inserted"><a class="link" href="analytics" title="Angular 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